Intermediate Linux Commands cheat sheet cover

Intermediate Linux Cheat Sheet

Alex Soto Bueno and Bob Reselman
English

About

Last updated: Sept. 6, 2022

Ready to level up your Linux knowledge? This cheat sheet presents a collection of Linux commands and executables for developers and system administrators who want to move beyond the basics. You’ll find tips on managing processes, users, and groups on Linux, as well as monitoring disk and network usage. 

Download the Intermediate Linux Cheat Sheet to gain an enhanced understanding of:

  • Console and output management commands: 
    • history
    • more
    • top
  • Working with disks, devices, and volumes on Linux:
    • df
    • du
  • Managing files and directories on Linux:
    • find
    • pwd
    • alias
    • awk
    • diff
    • sed
  • Network commands:
    • hostname
    • nslookup
    • traceroute
  • Commands for working with the Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system:
    • sestatus
    • uname
  • User and group commands:
    • users
    • useradd
    • userdel
    • usermode
    • groups
    • gpasswd
    • groupadd
    • groupdel

With Red Hat Developer cheat sheets, you get essential information right at your fingertips so you can work faster and smarter. Easily learn new technologies and coding concepts and quickly find the answers you need.

Excerpt

traceroute

traceroute [options] <target address or domain_name>

Reports the route that a packet takes in hops to move through the Internet to reach its destination.

The program traceroute is not part of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) by default. It must be installed using:

sudo dnf install traceroute

Example:

The following example reports the route from the local machine to developers.redhat.com. The -m option is used to limit the output to the first five hops:

$ traceroute -m 5 developers.redhat.com

traceroute to developers.redhat.com (23.199.47.85), 5 hops max, 60 byte

packets

1 _gateway (192.168.86.1) 0.599 ms 0.514 ms 0.656 ms

2 142-254-237-093.inf.spectrum.com (142.254.237.93) 11.974 ms 11.874 ms

17.793 ms

3 agg53.lsaicaev02h.socal.rr.com (24.30.168.85) 19.294 ms 20.242 ms

19.224 ms

4 72.129.19.22 (72.129.19.22) 18.984 ms 19.888 ms 19.969 ms

5 agg26.tustcaft01r.socal.rr.com (72.129.17.2) 13.575 ms 19.673 ms

13.579 ms

RHEL management commands

The commands in this section apply to working with the Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system.

sestatus

This program is used to report status information about a computer or virtual machine running SELinux.

sestatus [options]

Example:

The following example invokes the program sestatus and displays the default response: 

$$ sestatus

SELinux status: enabled

SELinuxfs mount: /sys/fs/selinux

SELinux root directory: /etc/selinux

Loaded policy name: targeted

Current mode: enforcing

Mode from config file: enforcing

Policy MLS status: enabled

Policy deny_unknown status: allowed

Memory protection checking: actual (secure)

Max kernel policy version: 33

Related Cheat sheets